Vehicle suspension system plays a critical role in transferring static and dynamic loads produced by the vibration of vehicle body and wheels and absorbing shock vibration caused by road roughness. Low damping provides a better vehicle mass isolation and it give a ride comfort and hard damping provides vehicle stability with good road holding. The need to enhance conflicting odds between ride comfort and vehicle stability makes the design of the suspension a significant part particularly for off- road vehicles. Passive suspension can’t mitigate tradeoff between ride comfort and vehicle stability, because it presents a high frequency vibration. It is in this line various types of suspension, like semi- active suspension, active suspension and intelligent suspension have been developed to reduce this compromise need. This paper aims to describe in details different types of vehicle suspensions, their characteristics, and their working principles mode. It illustrates in details the magneto rheological fluid (intelligent fluid) properties, compositions, mechanical model of Magneto-rheological damper like Bingham model and Bouc-Wen model. It also reviews semi active suspension control strategies based on Magneto rheological damper, like skyhook, ground hook, sliding mode, fuzzy logic and linear quadratic Gaussian. Simulations shows that a combination of more than two control strategies provide a better vehicle comfort and vehicle stability at the same time.
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